Fifth Nome	Brief Facts About Kemet
Travel

Population -- Language -- Land -- Government

Population

• Old Kingdom: 1-2 million
• New Kingdom: perhaps 5 million
• Roman Egypt: 3-5 million
• Population distribution: The main concentrations are between Wast (Thebes) and the first cataract, the Faiyum, and the Delta.
• Migrants:
• Nubians
• Asiatics (future people will call them Canaanites and include Israelites among them), coming at various times
• Libyans on the eastern Delta
• Phoenicians in Lower Egypt
• Death rate of newborns (1st year): 30%
• Mortality from 1st to 5th year: 20%
• Life expectancy at birth: 20-30 years. Probably closer to 20
• Life expectancy for one year old child: less than 40 years.
• Average age of adult at death: 30-40 years.
• Upper class Egyptians: maybe up to a decade more
• Women: five years less because of childbirth complications.
• Literacy rate: some say in the New Kingdom it was less than 1%.
• Sicknesses and causes of death: water-borne diseases, tuberculosis, plague, war, malnutrition, scurvy,
  anemia, famine, snakes, crocodiles, hippos, accidents. But fear not, a future sage named Herodotus
  feels we're the most healthiest of all save the Libyans!

Language

• Afro-Asiatic Egyptian, related to Semitic, Berber, Ethiopian Kushitic, and some languages in
  Chad and the Sudan.
• Old Egyptian: Predynastic and Old Kingdom
• Middle Egyptian: Middle Kingdom, "the classical language"
• Late Egyptian: New Kingdom.

Land

• Area: 1,001,450 square kilometers, 995,450 square kilometers of land
• Border Countries:
• Coastline: 2,450 kilometer
• Climate: desert. Moderate winters and hot, dry summers
• Natural resources: iron ore, limestone
• Arable land: 2.85% (21st century AD, but that means it was really low in the New Kingdom).
• % of people who live off the land: possibly 90%
• Natural hazards:
  droughts; earthquakes, flash floods, landslides, dust storms and sandstorms, hot windstorm
  (khamsin) in spring
  

Government

• Government: Ruled by pharaoh.
• Major sections of government: Royal Court, Army, Religious Hierarchy, Civil Government (Northern and Southern Tchety, Overseers of the House of Gold [treasury]).
• Tcheties: Composed of nomarchs, then mayors, village chiefs, constables
  Great and village Kenbets.

Sources

Brier, Bob, and Hoyt Hobbs. (1999). Daily Life of the Ancient Egyptians. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press.

Dollinger, André. (2003, June. Last Updated January 2005). "Cities and Citizens." http://nefertiti.iwebland.com/people/citizens.htm

Dollinger, André. (2002, December. Last updated November, May 2004). "The People of Ancient Egypt." http://www.nefertiti.iwebland.com/people/index.html

Dunn, Jimmy. (1999-2003). "About Egypt." Tour Egypt. InterCity Oz, Inc. http://www.touregypt.net/aboute.htm